State of the Science: The Relevance of Symptoms in Cardiovascular Disease and Research
Published: August 18, 2022
- Symptoms are subjective experiences that may indicate underlying cardiovascular disease or change therein and are of fundamental significance not only to the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and appraisal of response to medical therapy but also directly to patients’ daily lives.
- Symptoms may be highly variable among patients with similar cardiovascular disorders and may differ based on sex, age, and ethnicity.
- Monitoring symptoms with reliable and valid measures in clinical practice may enhance clinical care by identifying those who may be at risk for poor outcomes more quickly.
Supporting Materials
Recommended Reading
- 2020 Guideline for the Management of Patients with Valvular Heart Disease
- 2021 Care of the Patient with Acute Ischemic Stroke (Prehospital and Acute Phase of Care): Update to the 2009 Comprehensive Nursing Care Scientific Statement
- 2019 Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: 2019 Update to the 2018 Guidelines for the Early Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke
- 2019 Focused Update of the 2014 Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
- 2017 Poststroke Fatigue: Emerging Evidence and Approaches to Management
- 2017 Poststroke Depression
- 2016 Guidelines for Adult Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- 2016 Guideline on the Management of Patients With Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease